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篇1

通過一個(gè)學(xué)期土木工程概論課的學(xué)習(xí)，我已經(jīng)深深地感受到土木工程涵蓋的廣泛，體味了前人取得的成就，也領(lǐng)悟了作為一名土木工程師的重大責(zé)任。當(dāng)然，我們不能沉浸于現(xiàn)已取得的輝煌成就，止步不前。我們還應(yīng)當(dāng)與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，去挖掘，去發(fā)現(xiàn)，去思考，去想象，去創(chuàng)新。在此，作為一名中國(guó)未來的土木工程師，我想結(jié)合土木工程的歷史，結(jié)合我國(guó)的國(guó)情和世界形勢(shì)，談一談土木工程的可持續(xù)發(fā)展之路。

My knowledge about civil engineering has been broadened since I became a student of Tongji University.

Civil engineering is a form of human activity. Human beings pursued it to change the natural environment for their own benefit. Buildings， transportations， facilities， infrastructures are all included in civil engineering.

The development of civil engineering has a long history. Our seniors had left a lot of great constructions to us. For example， Zhao Zhou Bridge is the representative of our Chinese civil engineering masterpieces. It has a history of more than 1300 years and is still service at present.

Civil engineering has been so rapid development of the period. A lot of new bridges have been constructed， and many greater plans are under discussion. China is a large county. And she is still well developing. So this era will be both exciting and rewarding for the Chinese Civil Engineers. And of course， civil engineering’s future is promising.

However， civil engineers will be facing more complex problems. We should pay attention to the growing population and a lot of deteriorating infrastructures. We should prepare for the possibility of natural disasters. To meet grow needs in the future; we should also try to update all the transportation systems.

To deal with these problems， we will have to develop innovative and enterprising skills. And we should choose a way that we can go continuously. Hazard Mitigation may be a great choice. Not only can it save money in the long run， but also avoid getting into an embarrassing situation in which we have to rebuild all the broken buildings. And we should also use more environmentally friendly materials when designing or constructing new buildings.

Well， to be a brilliant civil engineer is not easy. Today， engineering is a synthetic system. It not only depends on traditional mechanics， but also closely related to advanced science. So Physics， Chemistry， Material Science， Computer Science and perhaps more are all in our civil engineering program.

To be a good civil engineer， we should have the ability to apply the knowledge， to design a system， a component， or a procedure of construction. We should also be able to conduct experiments and explain the results. Furthermore， an engineer never works alone， so we shall cooperate with working team， and try our best to communicate effectively.

I’m very glad to be a student in this wonderful field. And I will try my best to be a successful civil engineer， to make contributions to our motherland.

1．對(duì)土木工程的歷史、現(xiàn)狀和未來發(fā)展的認(rèn)識(shí)

1．1．1古代土木工程

古代土木工程具有很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間跨度，它大致從公元前5000年的新石器時(shí)代到17世紀(jì)中葉，前后約7000年。在房屋建筑、橋梁工程、水利工程、高塔工程等方面都取得了輝煌的成就。一些文明古國(guó)的不少傳世杰作，至今巍然屹立。譬如我國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城，埃及的金字塔等。公元6世紀(jì)建成的趙州橋，是世界上最早的敞肩式拱橋，于1991年被美國(guó)土木工程學(xué)會(huì)選為世界上地12個(gè)土木工程里程碑。

1．1．2近代土木工程

近代土木工程的時(shí)間跨度從17世紀(jì)中葉到20世紀(jì)中葉，前后約300年時(shí)間。在此期間，建筑材料從以天然材料為主轉(zhuǎn)向以人造材料為主，建造理論也從主要以總結(jié)長(zhǎng)期建造經(jīng)驗(yàn)向重視科學(xué)兼顧經(jīng)驗(yàn)轉(zhuǎn)變。建造技術(shù)方面，一些性能優(yōu)異的大型機(jī)械伴隨著各種極為有效的施工方法的出現(xiàn)，使得人們開始能建造結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜或所處環(huán)境惡劣的土木工程。期間建成的埃菲爾鐵塔、帝國(guó)大廈和金門懸索橋，至今仍不失為偉大的土木工程。

1．1．3現(xiàn)代土木工程

現(xiàn)代土木工程起始于20世紀(jì)中葉。發(fā)展至今，土木工程在建筑材料、結(jié)構(gòu)理論和建造技術(shù)方面都取得了極其巨大的進(jìn)步。

建筑材料方面，高強(qiáng)度混凝土、高強(qiáng)低合金鋼、高分子材料、鋼化玻璃越來越多地出現(xiàn)在建筑上。結(jié)構(gòu)理論方面，利用電子計(jì)算機(jī)強(qiáng)大的運(yùn)算和繪圖能力，力學(xué)分析和計(jì)算的結(jié)果更加符合結(jié)果的實(shí)際情況，使得在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)上更為可靠。對(duì)于建筑技術(shù)，已經(jīng)發(fā)展到機(jī)—電—計(jì)算機(jī)的一體化，施工過程中，不論是上天、入地還是翻山、下海，都已不是施工的障礙了；而焊接技術(shù)的普遍使用，也使得鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新的階段。

現(xiàn)代土木工程造就的舉世矚目的建筑有：我國(guó)臺(tái)北的國(guó)際金融中心，上海金茂大廈，馬來西亞吉隆坡的石油大廈雙塔樓，法國(guó)的諾曼底斜拉橋等。

1．2對(duì)土木工程的現(xiàn)狀的認(rèn)識(shí)

現(xiàn)今的土木工程，正日益同它的使用功能或生產(chǎn)工藝緊密結(jié)合。

公共和住宅建筑物要求的建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)、給水排水、采暖、通風(fēng)、供燃?xì)狻⒐╇姷痊F(xiàn)代技術(shù)設(shè)備日益結(jié)合成為整體。