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曹素貞主編的《醫(yī)學英語文獻閱讀(2)》共12單元，每個單元包括Text A，Text B和Medical Vocabulary Workshop三部分。Text A以醫(yī)學學術(shù)文獻(EAP)為主，文章全部摘自醫(yī)學類經(jīng)典教材或雜志、網(wǎng)站，如}tarrison內(nèi)科學，New England J0urnal of Medicine，the Lancet等，覆蓋了醫(yī)科目前最有代表性的各分支研究。Text B以醫(yī)學職業(yè)/臨床文獻(EOP)為主，包括醫(yī)療實踐中最常用的各類文書以及臨床科研中最需要的標書申請和會議交流。Medical Vocabulary Workshop則是針對廣大醫(yī)科師生在醫(yī)學英語教學中的困難——醫(yī)學專業(yè)詞匯而編寫，有目的地突出了其中構(gòu)詞的特點歸類和發(fā)音以便于學習記憶。各單元的三部分后面都附有練習，包括閱讀理解、討論拓展、詞匯運用、段落翻譯等。為便于自學和查閱，精讀的Text A課文都提供了詳細的注釋，書后附有詞匯表、練習參考答案、以及其他補充拓展的輔助資料。泛讀的Text B臨床文書前也有簡潔的語篇介紹和導讀。本書適合于大學英語提高階段的教學使用，可供醫(yī)學專業(yè)高年級、七年制、八年制和碩士研究生等醫(yī)科學生作為課程用書，也可供廣大醫(yī)學工作者在臨床和教學中作為參考書使用。

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《高等院校新概念醫(yī)學英語系列教材:醫(yī)學英語文獻閱讀2》適合于大學英語提高階段的教學使用，可供醫(yī)學專業(yè)高年級、七年制、八年制和碩士研究生等醫(yī)科學生作為課程用書，也可供廣大醫(yī)學工作者在臨床和教學中作為參考書使用。

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Unit 1 Medical Professionalism Text A Hippocratic Oath, The Medical Ideal Text B Informed Coent Medical Vocabulary Workshop Diseases and Disorde Unit 2 Medical ]Education Text A American Medical Education Text B History and Physical Medical Vocabulary Workshop Systems and Orga Unit 3 Basic Medicine Text A Pain,Modulation and Management Text B Medical Notes for Admission Medical Vocabulary Workshop Major Orga Unit 4 Clinical Medicine Text A Outpatient Management of Severe COPD Text B Medical Notes for Discharge Medical Vocabulary Workshop Itruments and Processes Unit 5 Clinical Surgery Text A Robotic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass for Morbid Obesity. Text B Operative Report Medical Vocabulary Workshop Surgical Operatio Unit 6 Environmental Medicine Text A Gender, Climate Change and Health Text B SOAP Progress Report Medical Vocabulary Workshop Chemical Elements Unit 7 Social Medicine Text A What is Social Medicine? Text B Referral and Coultation Medical Vocabulary Workshop Shapes and Forms Unit 8 Disaster Medicine.,.., Text A Short-term and Medium-term Health Effects of 9/11 Text B Drug Description and Itruction Medical Vocabulary Workshop Drugs Unit 9 Evidence,based Medicine Text A Evidence-based Medicine or Marketing-based Medicine? Text B The Cochrane Abstract And Summary Medical Vocabulary Workshop Numbe Unit 10 Preventive Medicine Text A Preventive Dental Care and Coueling for Infants and Young Children Text B Grant Proposal Request Medical Vocabulary Workshop Colou Unit 11 Nuing Text A A Case Study of Peon-Centred Care Development Text B Itruction for Autho Medical Vocabulary Workshop Directio and Positio Unit 12 Medical Ethics Text A Withholding Information from Patients When Less Is More Text B Conference Announcement Medical Vocabulary Workshop Plurals Appendices Appendix I Supplementary Samples in Clinical Documents Sample I) Informed Coent and Refusal for Blood Trafusion Sample II) Admission Note for COPD Appendix II Abbreviatio Commonly Used in Medical Record Appendix III Keys to Exercises Appendix IV Glossary

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AS compared with placebo,antibiotics decrease the relative risk of treatment failure by approximately 50％when used for COPD exacerbations.Subgroup analysis suggests that antibiotics are most effective when cough and sputum purulence are present.Most trials suggesting the efficacy of antibiotics have compared the use of older antibiotics with placebo.It iS uncertain whether newer classes of antibiotics,such as macrolides and fluoroquinolones.are more effective.Initial outpatient treatment with antibiotics should be based on considerations of cost.safety,and locaI patterns of antibiotic resistance among the bacterial species commonly isolated from sputum during exacerbations.

If an exacerbation is associated with increased breathlessness,patients should be encouraged to increase their use of short-acting bronchodilators.Anticholinergic and β2-agonist bronchodilatorsappear to be equally effective,with little additive benefit from combined use.Areas of Uncertainty

It remains unclear whether spirometry is routinely warranted to diagnose COPD in persons atrisk who are asymptomatic.Whereas the National Lung Health Education Program has advocatedwidespread spirometric testing in medical offices(including testing in persons at risk who do nothave respiratory symptoms)to identify cases of COPD,an evidence-based report sponsored by theAgency for Healthcare Research and Quality concluded that screening persons who are at risk but are asymptomatic would raise overall costs,falsely label many of those tested as having clinically significant disease,and only marginally improve clinical outcomes.In randomized trials,smoking-cessation rates were not increased among patients with early COPD who underwent spirometrictesting and were informed of abnormal results,as compared with patients who did not undergo testing.However,in a recent trial comparing two approaches to informing patients of spirometric results-assigning a"lung age"versus simply reporting the FEV1--the former approch was associated with higher cessation rates at 1 year,which suggests that spirometry may facilitate smoking cessation if the results are presented to patients in an appropriate manner.

The role of disease-management programs for patients with COPD remains uncertain.Randomized.controlled trials of case management for COPD have shown promise in reducing hospitalization rates,but the evidence is insufficient to make specific recommendations.Pulmonary rehabilitation improves health status and exercise capability for selected patients,but national surveys indicate that few patients complete such programs.and it iS unclear how best to maintain the benefits achieved.